This course is designed to prepare students for the safe and effective application of therapeutic modalities in physical therapy practice. Mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, precautions, and parameters will be covered for the use of superficial and deep heat; cryotherapy, mechanical compression; electrotherapy; spinal traction; therapeutic massage; hydrotherapy; and light therapy. Lecture and laboratory activities will develop problem solving and critical thinking skills regarding the use of therapeutic modalities, and skills will be assessed to competence level.